Pancreatitis is a long-term and complex disease of the pancreas with multiple causes. One of them: a sharp violation of the norms of consuming fatty foods, overeating, alcohol dependence. Adherence to special dietary rules for pancreatitis is half the success of treatment.
The diet for pancreatitis is designed to replace and supplement the menu with those substances that are poorly processed due to lack of pancreatic enzymes.
Some patients think that dietary therapy for pancreatitis is no different from diet 5a and continue to follow her recommendations. This is understandable because most individuals initially received long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstones, or hepatitis. They are well acquainted with Tables 5a and 5, which establish the necessary dietary standards for these diseases.
But if pancreatitis is detected, diet 5a will have to be changed. Changes that occur when the pancreas is damaged require correction of protein, fat and carbohydrate content. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called “5p”. It increased the protein content to 150 g (in No. 5 100–120 g), decreased the amount of fat (in No. 5 at least 70 g) and carbohydrates (in No. 5 at least 300 g). Rules for cooking and limiting food choices are still common.
Basic requirements for diet
Proposed dietary rules no. 5p do not exclude the use of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. They are important for creating maximum unloading of the pancreas.
- Cook food only cooked, stewed, baked or steamed. The frying method is completely forbidden.
- Observe the frugality of the damaged organ by grinding all the dishes during the most severe phase of the disease.
- Moderate temperature required (no sharp fluctuations from cold to hot).
- The patient should be fed small amounts of food, but after every 3-4 hours.
- Avoid copious single meals, overeating even dietary meals.
- Maintain a daily calorie intake of at least 3000 kcal.
Recommended nutritional tables according to Povzner take into account options for periods of exacerbation and after, when the pain has disappeared, but maintaining and continuing a proper diet in pancreatitis is very important.
5p diet to worsen pancreatitis
Clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the exacerbation phase (sharp pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) do not allow the patient to eat in the usual way. The treatment regimen requires complete fasting for two to four days. You can't even drink, the first few days the liquid is injected intravenously.
After stopping vomiting and pain, an initial diet of 5 p was prescribed. Its goal is to reduce the production of stomach acid and allow the pancreas to concentrate all its forces on the process of fighting for survival.
The diet allows a period of use that is not longer than two weeks, because its composition is not balanced (proteins are reduced to 60 g, fats to 50 g, carbohydrates to 200-280 g, with a total calorie content of 1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of physical activity are recommended.
The diet menu of a patient with pancreatitis consists of mashed slimy cereal soups, liquid cereals in water (semolina and rice are excluded), vegetable or carrot puree with the addition of zucchini, boiled pumpkin (cabbage in all forms is excluded), jellies, jellies, puddings, a few white crackers. Everything is served and cooked without oil. You can drink up to 2 liters of water, a decoction of rose hips, slightly sweet weak tea. After this possibility, on the recommendation of a doctor, they switch to another type of food.
Diet without worsening pancreatitis
The beginning of an effective recovery process is judged by the normalization of temperature, reduction of diarrhea and absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is spreading, but the maximum norms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates are respected. A set of vitamins needs to be included in the current therapeutic diet in order to activate the body's defenses. The patient will have to adhere to this diet for life.
Diet for pancreatitis categorically prohibits:
- fatty meats, fish and rich vegetarian soups (with cabbage or mushrooms);
- fatty meat of beef and pork, duck;
- lard and cooking oil;
- smoked meats, hot snacks, sauces, canned food in any form, sausages;
- rich pastries, culinary creams, chocolate, pies, black bread;
- from vegetables in the diet for pancreatitis are not recommended radishes, cabbage, beets, sorrel, spinach;
- carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and meals:
- dried white bread or crackers, dry biscuits;
- steamed, roasted, lean meat and poultry dishes, meatballs, meatballs and meat pans;
- cereal soups, with noodles, you can season with sour cream;
- non-sour cottage cheese, hard cheese varieties;
- butter or vegetable oil should be added directly to the plate, no more than a tablespoon per day;
- semi-liquid porridge, cooked in water or diluted milk;
- unsweetened baked apples, jelly or fruit compote;
- lightly brewed tea with milk or rosehip in broth, slightly sweetened.
Diet for pancreatitis in remission recommends the following sample menu for a working person for the day:
- Breakfast before work - you can make a protein omelette with two eggs or half a portion of oatmeal in milk, tea with milk.
- Breakfast # 2 (at lunch time) - take cooked meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a pack of fresh cheese, if at work there is an opportunity to heat it in the microwave, be sure to use it.
- Slightly sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work) - vegetarian potato soup half a plate, meatballs meatballs, apple puree on xylitol.
- Dinner - a piece of boiled chicken, a casserole of fresh cheese, tea with milk.
- At night (no later than 9 pm) fruit jellies on xylitol.
It is possible to take unpolished vegetables and fruits, as well as expand the diet only with the agreement of a doctor, after examination, to make sure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and that there is no inflammation.